Quality of life in adult liver transplant
Lucia González González1, Silvia Fernandez Noel1, Oscar Caso Maestro1, Jorge Calvo Pulido1, Carmelo Loinaz Segurola1.
1Cirugía General y del aparato Digestivo y Trasplante de Órganos abdominales, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
Introduction: Quality of life (QOL) is increasingly becoming the central focus of treatment for many pathologies. The long-term QOL in adult liver transplant (LT) recipients is not well understood. This is the aim of our study, one of the largest in adult population in recent years.
Method: This is an observational, descriptive cross-sectional study of the results obtained from QOL questionnaires carried out on our patients, survivors with active follow-up at the date of the interview, who received LT between 1986 and 2000. We hypothesized that the QOL of these patients is comparable, or slightly lower, to the general population. Our aim is to evaluate and describe the QOL in LTs by general QOL Short Form-36 (SF-36) and Quality of Life 5 Dimensions (QOL-5D) and the specific questionnaire for patients with liver pathology or LT Liver Disease Quiality of Live 1.0 (LDQOL 1.0).
Results: The sample consisted of 101 patients with a mean age of 60.47 years, standard deviation (SD) 14.36.
QOL-5D: In the sample, the mean (M) of the overall weighted score was 0.79 (SD 0.19). The mean on the visual analogue scale (VAS) is 7.49 (SD 1.88). The results of each dimension are analyzed.
SF-36: Results obtained in each dimension: physical function M 75.40 (SD 24.35), physical role M 59.58 (SD 48.28), body pain M 67.54 (SD 26.10), general health M 59.69, (SD 22.26), vitality M 61.30 (SD 19.25), social function M 84, 90 (SD 21.96), emotional role M 67.07 (SD 46.12), mental health M 65.92 (SD 18.65), physical
summary component M 47.04 (SD 9.56) and mental summary component M 45.15 (SD 12.73). We compared our results divided by age with the general population. We obtained statistically significant higher results in social function and lower in physical role, body pain, general health, emotional role and mental health.
LDQOL 1.0: Results in different dimensions are as follows: Disease symptoms M 72.80 (SD 21.85), effects of illness M 76.39 (SD 21.56), concentration M 64.47 (SD 24.93), memory M 56.34 (SD 23.51), quality of social interaction M 47.70 (SD 11.03), concern for the future M 58.70 (SD 22.22), sexual function M 46, 21 (SD 25.81), sexual problems in males M 59.25 (SD 38.18), sexual problems in females M 74.70 (SD 28.01), sleep M 56.97 (SD 21.09), isolation M 68.58 (SD 19.84), concern about illness M 45.07 (SD 25.90) and social stigma M 75.31 (SD 18.74).
Conclusions: Our study represents one of the longest-term samples in adult patients regarding QOL. These results are intended as a basis for a much larger study of long- term QOL in LT patients. The QOL of our patient sample according to the generic SF-36 questionnaire is slightly lower than the general Spanish population described of the same sex and age.